Grammar Explanations

We use the present continuous for many situations such as actions happening now, events in progress, temporary situations, actions in the near future and annoying habits. Key words for the present continuous: now, right now, at the moment   Actions happening...

We use the present simple to express actions in the present that are: Permanent situations The examples below are not temporary situations. They may change but not anytime soon. She works at the library. We live in California. I’m tall. Schedules and fixed times The...

Going to + infinitive verb We use the going to form to talk about the future. The going to form is thought to be less formal than the will future tense. Below are a few examples explaining how we use going to in the future. We use it to talk about: future plans that...

We use the future simple to talk about the following: Future events To make future predictions and to express possibility To offer help and to make requests Formal situations   Examples Future Predictions You will win the lottery. You will be successful. The next...

We use the past simple to talk about: Finished actions in the past I walked five miles yesterday. I studied for six hours last weekend.   A series of completed actions I woke up, got dressed and drove to work. She went home, took a shower and went to bed.  ...

have/has + participle   We use the present perfect to talk about: The recent past Unfinished actions Life experiences   Here are some examples. Recent past – a past that has just happened. Sometimes this recent past has a present consequence. We’ve just...

We use the past perfect to show that one past action happened before another past action. We form the past perfect by conjugating the auxiliary verb have to the past simple had. Let's look at some examples. Jack and Amanda had visited Italy every summer before they...

The Zero Conditional If + present simple, … present simple We use the zero conditional to talk about: Real life situations True statements Scientific facts The zero conditional is made by using the present simple in the “if clause” which indicates the condition and...

If + present, … will/ won’t + infinitive We use the first conditional to talk about real or possible situations in the future. We use the present simple in the “if clause” to talk about the condition and we use the future in the “main clause” to talk about the result....